In the early twentieth century, astronomers noticed that some galaxies are directed to specific parts of the light spectrum, especially for its red color. In 1929 astronomer E. Hubble compared the spectral color of the galaxies with the distance from Earth and demonstrated that the more distant we are, the more spectral color was directed to red. For details see Hubble's constant.
Hubble realized that the clearest explanation is that galaxies are moving away from us and at the same time between them. The conclusion is based on a cosmological effect similar to the Doppler effect, we meet every day when we pass along cars. Space analogy is this: As the object moves away from us with its light is directed towards higher wavelengths (red shift), and if it approaches or tends to blue spectrum.
In 1948 Russian physicist George Garnow realized that if all galaxies are moving away from us, then they should have a common origin. Another scientist called this the Big Bang phenomenon.
Our universe could be such an expanding universe. When first formulated Garmow theory predicted that there must be a signature in the form of low radiation caused the by Big Bang. He calculated the temperature of the explosion, it took into account the loss due to expansion of the universe, and reached a figure of 5 Kelvin. In 1961 Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson detected a background noise while trying to improve communications with microwave and concluded that it comes from space, having previously removed all land sources. What they found is nothing but the remaining primary radiation from the Big Bang. They were rewarded with the Nobel Prize for their discovery.
Importantly, these discoveries in cosmology have taken place to meet Olber's paradox. But expansion of the universe and the Big-Bang theory proved to be the answer.
A static universe cannot eliminate stellar energy and reach out to warm up in time. An expanding universe continuously increases its volum and therefor star energy does not lead to an increase in temperature over time. Besides its expansion leads to a decrease of temperature.
Our universe could be such an expanding universe. When first formulated Garmow theory predicted that there must be a signature in the form of low radiation caused the by Big Bang. He calculated the temperature of the explosion, it took into account the loss due to expansion of the universe, and reached a figure of 5 Kelvin. In 1961 Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson detected a background noise while trying to improve communications with microwave and concluded that it comes from space, having previously removed all land sources. What they found is nothing but the remaining primary radiation from the Big Bang. They were rewarded with the Nobel Prize for their discovery.
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