Albert Einstein is probably one of the most famous scientists. One of his greatest achievements is the formula E = mc2. Despite its familiarity, many people do not understand it.
Einstein realized that actually matter and energy are different forms of the same thing. Matter can be converted into energy (nuclear bomb)and energy into matter (big-bang).
For example, consider a simple hydrogen atom, basically composed of a single proton. This subatomic particle has a mass of 0.000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 001 672 kg.
This is a tiny mass indeed. For instance, in one kilogram of pure water, the mass of hydrogen atoms amounts to just slightly more than 111 grams, or 0.111 kg. Einstein's formula tells us the amount of energy that would result if the matter had suddenly turned into energy.
Theory says you must multiply the mass by the square of the speed of light (300.000km/sec)
E = mc2 = 0.111 x 300,000,000 x 300,000,000 = 10,000,000,000,000,000 Jouli
This is an incredible amount of energy! A Joule is not a large unit of energy ... one Joule is about the energy released when you drop a textbook to the floor. Yet the amount of energy in 30 grams of hydrogen atoms s equivalent to burning hundreds of thousands of kilograms of gasoline!
If you consider all the energy of a kilogram of water that contains oxygen atoms, the total energy is equal to approx. 35 million liters of gasoline. This energy can be released? Has ever been?
The only way for ALL this energy to be released is for the kilogram of water to be totally annhilated. This process involves the complete destruction of matter, and occurs only when that matter meets an equal amount of antimatter ... a substance composed of mass with a negative charge. Antimatter does exist; it is observable as single subatomic particles in radioactive decay, and has been created in the laboratory.
But it is rather short-lived, since it annihilates itself and an equal quantity of ordinary matter as soon as it encounters anything. For this reason, it has not yet been made in measurable quantities, so our kilogram of water can't be turned into energy by mixing it with 'antiwater'. At least, not yet.
With the tehnology nowadays creating 1 milligram of antimatter would cost us as much as 1.000.000.000 years.. so something has to be done if we want to harvest energy that way.
"by environment clean generations"
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