Strange world of quantum theory has inspired a multitude of interpretations that contain some fascinating ideas on one hand, and on the other, downright eccentric.
Quantum theory is a scientific masterpiece - but physicists are still not sure how to interpret it. A century, it seems, is not enough. One hundred years ago in Brussels, Belgium, held the first global conference on topics in physics. The subject in question was new and strange interpretation of quantum theory and if it ever be possible to put the ideas into agreement with our everyday experience that will provide us such a coherent world.
It is a question that physicists war even today. Quantum particles, such as atoms and molecules have strange ability to appear in two places at once, to rotate clockwise and vice-versa at the same time, or affect each other instantly when they are separated by a half universe. The problem is that we too are all made of atoms and molecules, but we can not do any of this. Why? "At what point shall cease to apply quantum mechanics?" asks Harvey Brown, a philosopher of science at the University of Oxford.
Although the answer is still to be expected, the struggle to make one, proves to be the reward of this effort.
Physicists try to answer this question using the so-called "interpretations" - philosophical speculation, fully compliant with the experiments, of the quantum theory. "There is a real zoo of interpretations," said Vlatko Vedra, who divides his time between Oxford University and the Centre for Quantum Technologies in Singapore.
This is because, for example, has created the new field of quantum computation that has gained attention in the high-tech corporations and government intelligence agencies. It gives us a new approach to the problem of formulating a theory of everything in physics, even we could provide details about the origin of the universe. As the talk of enterprise of a cynical and skeptical scientist on the field of quantum mechanics - Albert Einstein - has rejected classifying it as a "soft pillow", which urges physicists to sleep.
Unfortunately for Einstein quantum theory proved to be a masterpiece. No experiment has come to disagree with his predictions and can say with confidence that the theory is a rigorous way to describe how the universe works on a microscopic scale. Which brings us face to face with one last question: What does this theory mean?
Physicists try to answer this question using the so-called "interpretations" - philosophical speculation, fully compliant with the experiments, of the quantum theory. "There is a real zoo of interpretations," said Vlatko Vedra, who divides his time between Oxford University and the Centre for Quantum Technologies in Singapore. No scientific theory has been seen from so many different angles. How so? And will any of the interpretations prevail at the expense of others? Let's refer, for example, to the approach that is now known as the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics, introduced by the danish physicist Niels Bohr. It states essentially that any attempt to speak, for example, the position of an electron in an atom, is meaningless in the absence of measurements.
Only when interacting with an electron trying to see using a non-quantum, or "classic" device, it gets the attributes that we would call physical properties and thus becomes part of reality. There are alternative interpretation of history, which explains the strangeness of quantum theory through the idea that any object exists in multiple versions of countless parallel universes. Or maybe you prefer Broglie-Bohm interpretation, in which quantum theory is considered incomplete: we lack certain properties hidden in the presence of which it would make sense.
There are plenty of other interpretations, such as Ghirardi-Rimini-Weber interpretation, transactional interpretation (which uses the idea that particles traveling backward in time, tachyons), Roger Penrose's interpretation is that it speaks of a collapse due to gravitational forces, modal interpretation .. . in the last 100 years, the zoo interpretations of quantum mechanics has become a crowded and noisy place.
Despite this widespread agitation, there are a few interpretations that seem to matter to most physicists.
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